Study of the Wolbachia symbiotic bacteria: a genomic approach
Abstract
Many bacterial species have established symbiotic relationships with higher eukaryotic organisms such as plants, animals or even humans. Wolbachia, an alpha-proteobacterium belonging to the Rickettsiales order, is an obligate intracellular and maternally inherited bacterium found in arthropods (especially insects) and nematodes. In insect hosts, Wolbachia is characterized as a reproductive parasite which can cause cytoplasmic incompatibility, parthenogenesis, feminization and male killing. Recent studies indicate that hundred thousands of insect species, the most speciose animal phylum, harbor these bacteria, making it the most abundant intracellular bacterium on the planet. Studies of Wolbachia symbiotic relationships have three main goals: (a) to study the ecological success of this bacterium as exemplified by the wide spectrum of hosts, (b) to study the contribution of Wolbachia to speciation processes (and, consequently, to biodiversity increase), and (c) to study the molecular mec ...
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