Χρήση οπτικών τεχνικών επίδρασης στη μαθησιακή διαδικασία - συνείδηση στην εκπαίδευση για την αειφόρο ανάπτυξη: εφαρμογές στη διδακτική χημείας περιβάλλοντος

Abstract

This thesis concerns an inter- and multi-disciplinary research which was carried out at Environmental Chemistry Laboratory of Chemistry Department at National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and UNESCO chair-network on Management and Education for Sustainable Development in the Mediterranean . Among the fundamental directions of Environmental Education and education for Sustainable Development (ESD) is the students familiarization with Environmental chemistry and Sustainable development issues. Also the promotion of critical thinking, through which learners could identify and decode influencing techniques, resist increasingly strong messages emitted by TV and electronic media, using powerful techniques able to counterbalance ESD messages from classrooms. In this research the results of the analysis of a large number of messages from various media were used for: a) identifying and reading between the lines ―non-contested‖ and ―contested‖ techniques for influencing audiences, b) presenting the above techniques to Secondary school and Higher education students, allowing them to identify by themselves the techniques in messages from advertisements, etc., c) testing if, and under what conditions, some of these non-contested techniques could be used for enhancing the efficiency of learning and increasing knowledge about Environmental chemistry, Green chemistry and shifting attitudes towards environmentally friendly direction.We check knowledge and attitude changes due to different educational interventions-presentations. Both the non-contested advertisement methods presentation and the ―static‖ presentation facilitate assimilation of knowledge related to environmental chemistry issues after the intervention. None was better than the other. But non-contested methods presentation stimulated attitudes and positive behaviors towards the environment signifantly better than the static presentation. On the other hand the contested techniques presentation in this study cause statistical significant changes in knowledge assimilation related to environmental chemistry in comparison to static presentation and also affected attitudes deeper. The usage of the latter methods does not suggest that we propose to employ them as means of positive or negative manipulation toward acceptance of messages. The inclusion of near infrasound information and subliminal stimuli serve one of the scopes of the research, which was to reveal that their presence in mass media productions is not neutral and may act especially upon vulnerable population, e.g. children, pupils, students without awareness.